Polite Form Negative: ~ ません (masen)

Posted by Diposting oleh INYOMAN INDRA S ( UNJ ) On 09.37

Japanese Verbs Polite Form Negative: ~ ません (masen)
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Now that we're familiar with plain/dictionary ~u (う) form, polite ~ ます(masu) and Plain Form Negative: ~ ない (nai), let's try ~ません (masen), which is the negative of polite ~ます form.

Adding ~ません is no diffeent from adding ~ます. If you master polite form, simply change ~masu to ~masen. If not clear, read below:

Group 1: ~ U ending verbs (godan) plain negative form:

* To make negative ません form out of Type 1 verbs (godan), ~u ending to ~i and add masen: verb~u ---> verb~i+masen (plain form ---> present polite negative form)
* when making a negative form for the verb ending in ~つ(tsu) change it to ち(chi) first: matsu (待つ) ---> ma~chi ---> machimasen (待ちません)
* when making a polite form for the verb ending in ~す(su) change it to し(chi) first: kasu (貸す) ---> ka~shi ---> kashimasen (貸しません)

Watashi wa kasa o kaimasen. (I'm not going to buy an umbrella.)
Kare wa machimasen. (He won't wait.)
Kimiko wa Osaka ni ikimasen. (Kimiko isn't going to Osaka.)

And here are some ichidan:

Group 2: ~ Iru and ~ Eru ending verbs:

* Change ichidan (~Iru and ~Eru) verbs by dropping the ~ru at the end and adding ~masen.

~ Iru ending verbs

kiru (着る) kimasen - not going to wear
miru (見る) mimasen - not going to see
okiru (起きる) okimasen - not going to get up
oriru (降りる) orimasen - not going to get off
shinjiru (信じる) shinjimasen - not going to believe

~ Eru ending verbs

akeru (開ける) akemasen - not going to open
ageru (あげる) agemasen - not going to give
deru (出る) demasen - not going to go out
neru (寝る) nemasen - not going to sleep
taberu (食べる) tabemasen - not going to eat

Watashi wa ima tabemasen. (I'm not going to eat now.)
Kanojo wa kasa o karimasen. (She isn't going to borrow an umbrella.)

Group 3: Irregular Verbs くる (kuru) and ~する (~suru)

* To make ~ません form out of kuru, change kuru to kimasen
* To make ません form out of suru, change suru to shimasen
* To make ~ません form out of ~suru verbs, change ~suru ending to ~shimasen

benkyousuru (勉強する)benkyoshimasen - not going to study
ryokousuru (旅行する)ryokoushimasen - not going to travel
etc.

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